Journal of Mechanical and Construction Engineering (JMCE)

Production of Bioplastics from Various Plant Parts

Divya Anna Thomas — Tue, 25 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The extensive existence of plastic in the environment has a serious effect on the living organism. In this study, the synthesis will be done in small quantity within the lab. Long lifetime, good barrier property, stiffness, tensile strength and tear strength make petro-chemical plastics more popular in society. Inspite of many advantages the plastic is proved to be more threatening for the mankind survival. The expected outcome of this project will be the biodegradable plastic which will be a great relief for society. Life be-gins from birth in which the play toy of newborn baby is plastic then as they grow up everything surrounding them is plastic, the plastic glass, plastic bottles, plastic buckets, plastic box etc. The research work on production of bio plastic using different plant parts will act as substitute for the plastic substances. For the betterment of living creatures and also for the betterment of the environment bioplastics formed from plant parts are better as compared to that of the plastics formed by traditional method. Due to the non-biodegradability of the plastics, they will be ominous for the whole system as the whole system depends on the plastic. Plastic pollution is responsible for the worsening of the habitat of organisms and the human lifestyle. With the help of this study, we will also analyze the properties such as water absorption capacity and bio- degradability. Mass production of bioplastic will be a great solution for plastic pollution.

Natural Hazards and Degradation of Landforms in Eastern Ramganga Basin of Kumaun Himalaya

Nisha — Tue, 25 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Natural hazards are extreme weather and climate events that occur naturally in all parts of the world. Some regions are more vulnerable to certain hazards than others. Hazards become disasters when there is loss of people’s lives and properties. Typically, a natural hazard can be defined as the probability of occurrence within a specified period of time and within a given area of potentially damaging phenomenon. In the present study an environmentally sensitive area suffering from natural hazards and degradation of landforms is selected. A detailed field investigation was conducted in the study area to find out the impact of processes causing environmental degradation. In the recent past these natural processes are rapidly increasing due to increasing phase of human activi-ties; causing damage to life and property in the Eastern Ramganga basin specifically and the Himalayan region in general. In the study area Kwiti, La, Jhekala, Nachani, Tejam, Dor, Bansbagad, Ruisapata, Simtola and many more villages were severally af-fected due to the natural hazards in the past few years. Eastern Ramganga catchment is highly vulnerable to the risk of several kinds of natural hazards. Disasters in the region cause great loss to life and property and pose serious threat to the process of develop-ment which has impact on economic and social wellbeing of the people living here. Thus, the impacts of natural hazards caused by different geomorphic processes including ex-treme events are multidimensional affecting environmental, social and economic sys-tems.

Purification of Water Using Nanotechnology

Akshita Agarwal, Anushka Goyal, Pragya Paliwal, Arti Mishra, Swati Singh — Tue, 25 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0000

One of the most crucial ingredients for life on earth is water. It has played a crucial role in the development of human civilizations, starting with the emergence of the first aspect of existence in seawater. The demand for clean water is universal and essential to all human species. But at the moment, pure water supplies are being poisoned. Water quality and society's level of development have recently been linked. The safety of drinking water has been put in jeopardy by several chemical and biological pollutants. Alternatives for decontaminating and reusing water are among the most desired solu-tions to address the issues of water shortage and the escalating disputes over this essen-tial resource. A significant issue is the buildup of organic debris and its residues in wastewater. Significant progress has been achieved in using the chemistry of nano-materials for purifying water as a result of the realization of the molecular nature of pollution in drinking water. Due to its capacity to produce precise, structurally controlled materials for such needs, nanotechnology offers exceptional potential in filtering appli-cations. By extending the idea of clean, inexpensive, and sustainable water to the eco-system as a whole, we point out that cities may live and breathe comfortably by using such technology. Sustainability in clean water may be achieved by comprehending the major environmental issues facing the world and investigating potential solutions from new nanotechnologies.

Scenario of Offshore Wind Power Generation in India

Anubhav Singh, Dharmraj Meena, Shanti Lal Meena, Shiv Lal — Tue, 25 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0000

An exponential increase has been seen in the human population in the last few years. To meet the electricity requirement production has to be increased. The dependence on fos-sil fuels for generation has to be minimized. The practices of fossil fuel have contributed to the environmental degradation and its resources depleted continuously, that’s why the whole world is switching to an alternate or renewable energy options. The electricity sector has to develop more generation capacity to maintain this development. According to 2012 data, only a small fraction (26GW) of India's total installed electricity capacity (210GW) produced from renewable sources. Hence Indian Government wants to shift to renewable forms of energy source share 40-42% of the total energy production i.e., 166GW. The share of wind energy is 60% of the total renewable energy basket, but the contribution from the offshore wind farms is lacking, as the wind energy generated in India is mostly through onshore wind farms. Promotion of offshore wind energy will farm will lead to reduction in dependency on fossil fuels, deplete in greenhouse emis-sion, increase in environmental conservation and increase employment in India. India is coping up with the industry. Offshore wind energy is an emergent renewable energy industry, and it will become as main source of the future energy for India. This paper deals with the present situation and drift of offshore wind industries in India.

Computational Studies of Earth Air Heat Exchanger using CFD: Parametric Analysis

Dr. Shiv Lal — Tue, 25 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Parametric studies of earth air tunnel heat exchanger (EATHE) using FLUENT 6.3 Com-putational fluid dynamics (CFD) software have been carried out in this paper. From the parametric analysis it is found that economic analysis of the system is required for the optimization of length, diameter, and depth of buried pipe. For a long earth air tunnel more than 60 m, soil thermal conductivity doesn’t give any significant effect. The higher mass flow rate also increases the overall energy conservation potential of the system, but it reduces thermal comfort. So, the mass flow rate also takes to optimize according to the requirement. This study is beneficial to the design and energy researchers of this field.

A Comprehensive Analysis of the Properties of Electrodeposited Nickel Composite Coatings

Dr.A.A. Bhadre, Dr.H.P. Ghongade — Tue, 25 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0000

For a long time, environmental protection of metallic components has become a pressing concern for the engineering and manufacturing industries. Coating technology has gained prominence to meet the needs of industrial demands. The coating is used to protect the metals and ensure the product's performance for a long time. Among other coating processes such as thermal spray, spark plasma sintering, and chemical vapour deposition, the electrodeposition process has proven to be the most cost effective and simple. The paper discusses the properties of various Nickel composite electrodeposited Protective coatings.

Review on Physicochemical Characteristics of Ground Water and Their Health Effects

Purva Vohra, Ashok Kumar Kakodia, Dr. Shiv Lal, Kumud Tanwar — Tue, 25 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Ground water is well described through some physical and chemical characteristics viz temperature, pH, turbidity, electric conductivity, total dissolved solid, total hardness, total alkalinity, nitrates, chlorides, fluorides and metal ions like calcium, magnesium, iron etc. Ground water is commonly used as drinking water for human worldwide, be-cause it is quite economic, easy to use and less vulnerable to contamination than surface water. Nowadays, industrialization, urbanization, fast growth of civilization and increase in population have led to deterioration of the groundwater quality rapidly. Domestic and industrial discharge, landfills, improper drainage system, seepage through sewer lines, agricultural practices such as intense use of pesticides and fertilizers, uneven rain-fall and mismanagement are some of major causes for its pollution. Therefore, it is nec-essary that the quality of ground water should be checked regularly for some physical and chemical parameters as their presence in water above the permissible limit has a serious effect on human health. Hence assessment of physicochemical characteristics of ground water is very important for human health studies and therefore an important research topic in recent years. In the present work, physicochemical characteristics asso-ciated with ground water are reviewed along with their health effects.